Dental Glossary

Alat ortodontik

The different devices used in orthodontic treatment, including metal braces, ceramic braces, lingual braces, and clear aligners.

Aligner jernih

Removable transparent plastic trays that gradually straighten teeth as an alternative to traditional metal braces.

Cantuman tulang

Surgical procedure to replace or regenerate bone in the jaw for dental implant placement.

Gigi palsu

Removable replacements for missing teeth and surrounding tissues.

Implan gigi

An artificial tooth root surgically placed in the jawbone to support a replacement tooth or bridge.

Implan gigi All-on-4

A full-arch tooth replacement technique using just four strategically placed dental implants to support a complete set of fixed teeth.

Jambatan gigi

A fixed prosthetic device that replaces one or more missing teeth by anchoring to adjacent teeth.

Mahkota gigi

A tooth-shaped cap placed over a damaged tooth to restore its shape, size, strength, and appearance.

Pembersihan karang gigi

Professional cleaning procedure to remove plaque and tartar buildup from teeth and below the gumline.

Pemutihan gigi

A cosmetic procedure to lighten teeth and remove stains and discoloration.

Pencabutan gigi

The removal of a tooth from its socket in the bone.

Pergigian kosmetik

Dental procedures focused on improving the appearance of teeth, gums, and smile.

Pergigian sedasi

The use of sedation techniques to help anxious patients receive dental treatment comfortably.

Rawatan saluran akar

A treatment to repair and save a badly damaged or infected tooth by removing the damaged pulp.

Tampalan gigi

Material used to repair a tooth damaged by decay, restoring its normal function and shape.

Veneer gigi

A thin shell of porcelain or composite bonded to the front of teeth to improve appearance.

Dentin

The layer of the tooth beneath the enamel that forms the bulk of the tooth structure.

Enamel gigi

The hard, outer layer of the tooth that protects against decay.

Gigi bongsu

Third molars that typically emerge between ages 17-25, often requiring extraction.

Gusi

The soft tissue that surrounds and supports the teeth.

Ligamen periodontal

Connective tissue fibers that connect the tooth root to the alveolar bone.

Pulpa gigi

The soft tissue inside the tooth containing nerves and blood vessels.

Tulang alveolar

The part of the jawbone that contains the sockets (alveoli) where teeth are anchored.

Abses gigi

A pocket of pus caused by bacterial infection at the root of a tooth or in the gums.

Bau mulut

Chronic bad breath that doesn't go away with regular brushing and flossing.

Bruksisme (mengisar gigi)

Involuntary grinding, gnashing, or clenching of teeth, often during sleep.

Gangguan sendi temporomandibular

Pain and dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint connecting the jaw to the skull.

Gigi sensitif

Pain or discomfort in teeth when exposed to hot, cold, sweet, or acidic substances.

Gingivitis

Inflammation of the gums, usually caused by bacterial plaque buildup.

Karies gigi

Tooth decay caused by bacteria that produce acids that dissolve tooth enamel.

Maloklusi

Misalignment of teeth when the jaws are closed, commonly called a 'bad bite'.

Periodontitis

A serious gum infection that damages soft tissue and destroys the bone supporting teeth.

Plak gigi dan karang gigi

Plaque is a sticky bacterial film on teeth; tartar (calculus) is hardened plaque that can only be removed professionally.

Autoklaf

A sterilization device using high-pressure steam to eliminate all microorganisms from dental instruments.

CBCT (Cone Beam CT)

A specialized 3D imaging technique providing detailed views of teeth, soft tissues, nerve pathways, and bone.

Cetakan digital (pengimbas intraoral)

A digital scanning method that captures precise 3D images of teeth and gums, replacing traditional putty impressions.

Kamera intraoral

A small camera used to take close-up images inside the mouth.

Kerusi pergigian

A specialized chair designed to support patients during dental examinations and procedures.

Laser pergigian

A focused light beam device used for precise soft and hard tissue procedures in dentistry.

Pencetakan 3D dalam pergigian

Additive manufacturing technology used to create dental models, surgical guides, aligners, crowns, and dentures.

Pengukuran poket periodontal

The clinical process of measuring gum pocket depths around each tooth to assess periodontal health.

Pergigian CAD/CAM

Computer-aided design and manufacturing technology for creating dental restorations.

Radiograf panoramik (OPG)

A single X-ray image that captures the entire mouth including all teeth, jaws, and surrounding structures.

X-ray digital

An advanced form of dental X-ray using digital sensors instead of traditional film.

Kecerdasan buatan dalam pergigian

Machine learning algorithms that assist in dental diagnosis, treatment planning, and practice optimization.

Mengurangkan ketidakhadiran dan pembatalan temu janji pergigian

Strategies and systems dental practices use to minimize patients failing to attend or canceling scheduled appointments.

Persetujuan bermaklumat dalam pergigian

The process of informing patients about proposed treatments, risks, alternatives, and costs before obtaining their agreement.

Portal pesakit

A secure online platform where patients can access their dental records and communicate with the practice.

Sejarah penyimpanan rekod pergigian

The evolution of dental documentation from handwritten paper charts to modern electronic health records.

Sistem penomboran gigi (FDI, Universal, Palmer)

Standardized systems used by dentists worldwide to identify and reference individual teeth by number or letter.

Teledentistry (pergigian jarak jauh)

Remote delivery of dental consultations and patient monitoring using digital communication technologies.

Undang-undang privasi data kesihatan (GDPR, HIPAA, PIPEDA)

Global regulations governing how healthcare providers, including dental practices, must protect patient data.